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@# Objective To investigate the prevalence of the occupational hazard of organic solvent and noise in printing and Methods record medium production enterprises in Longgang District of Shenzhen City. A total of 56 printing and record medium production enterprises were selected as the study subjects by judgmental sampling method to analyze the worksite Results survey of occupational health and the key occupational hazard factors. There were 256 organic solvent samples ， detected in 56 enterprises which included a total of 148 terms and 1 358 categories of volatile constituents. The top three （ ）， - （ ） （ ） volatile constituents were toluene 35.5% n hexane 25.7% and methanol 23.8% . The top three detected samples of the （ ， ， ， ， - ， ，- ， eight key chemical occupational hazard factors benzene toluene xylene ethylbenzene n hexane 1 2 dichloroethane ） ， - ， trichloroethylene and chloroform were toluene n hexane and ethylbenzene. In the workplace air toluene was the most risk ， factor of occupational hazard factors in enterprise and in sample detection while no trichloromethane was detected. The toluene in workplace air was found to exceed the national standard with the rate of 2.6%. It showed that 27.9% of the work sites were found occupational noise hazard which was over national standard in the 10 key work sites. Only 64.3% and 57.1% enterprises - performed occupational hazard factors detection and occupational health examination. Both none or invalid toxicant proof - facilities accounted for 33.9% of the enterprises. Both none or invalid noise proof facilities accounted for 78.6% of the Conclusion ， - enterprises. The occupational hazards factor of toluene n hexane and noise were serious in printing and record ， medium production enterprises in Longgang District of Shenzhen City and the occupational health management was imperfect. The occupational regulation should be enhanced in this industry.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the role of protein kinase B （Akt） overexpression in the inhibition of human bladder cancer 5637 cell proliferation by erianin and related mechanisms. MethodThe 5637 cells stably over-expressing Akt were induced using the lentivirus vector. The 5637 cells infected with the empty vector were classified into blank group. Then the Akt group， empty vector combined with erianin （62.5 μg·L-1） group， and Akt combined with erianin （62.5 μg·L-1） group were set up. The cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay， and the clone formation of 5637 cells in each group was determined in the clone formation experiment. The cell cycle distribution was detected by flow cytometry. Western blot was used to assay the protein expression levels of phosphorylated （p）-Akt， Akt， p21. The glycolysis of 5637 cells was determined in glucose uptake and lactate secretion assays. ResultCompared with the blank group， erianin inhibited the proliferation of bladder cancer 5637 cells （P<0.05）. Overexpression of Akt partially reversed the inhibitory effect of erianin on the proliferation of bladder cancer 5637 cells （P<0.05）. Clone formation assay showed that erianin inhibited the clone formation of bladder cancer 5637 cells （P<0.05）， which was partially reversed by the overexpressed Akt （P<0.05）. As revealed by comparison with the blank group， erianin arrested the bladder cancer 5637 cells in G1 phase （P<0.05）， which was also reversed by the overexpressed Akt （P<0.05）. Western bolt showed that erianin promoted the expression of p21 but suppressed the expression of p-Akt and Akt （P<0.05）. By contrast， the overexpression of Akt down-regulated the elevated p21 protein expression induced by erianin （P<0.05）. Compared with the blank group， erianin inhibited the glucose uptake and lactate secretion of bladder cancer 5637 cells （P<0.05）. Overexpression of Akt weakened the inhibitory effect of erianin against the glycolysis of 5637 cells （P<0.05）. ConclusionErianin is able to inhibit the proliferation of bladder cancer 5637 cells， promote the expression of p21， and inhibit the expression of p-Akt. Overexpressed Akt reduces the inhibitory effect of erianin on the proliferation of bladder cancer 5637 cells， suggesting that Akt plays an important role in the inhibition of 5637 cell proliferation by erianin， which has provided a new target for the application of erianin in the treatment of bladder cancer.
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Aims@#The oral cavity has the most complex microbiota after the stomach. A disturbed oral equilibrium can lead to the onset and development of periodontal disease. The known causative agents are the red complex bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola). This study was carried out to provide insights on the prevalence of periodontal pathogens in Sarawakian oral cavity since the data at present is still lacking.@*Methodology and results@#A total of two millilitres (2 mL) of saliva samples were collected from twenty-seven (n=27) individuals (21 gingivitis, 6 healthy) between aged 18 until 30 years old, from Sarawak General Hospital. DNA extraction for the saliva samples was done by using phenol-chloroform method. Then, 16S rRNA PCR was performed followed by species-specific PCR for red complex bacteria detection. Statistical data was analysed using GraphPad Prism 8.4.1 software. As a result, 14% of gingivitis-affected female subjects were found with all the member of red complex species. Co-occurrence of red complex species was observed but no significant difference was found. An alarming presence of red complex bacteria particularly T. forsythia was detected in 57% of gingivitis subject as compared to the other red complex species. @*Conclusion, significance and impact of study@#The risk of acquiring periodontal disease increases by having at least one of the red complex species in the oral environment. Therefore, the rapid molecular detection of red complex bacteria in this study is useful for risk assessment of periodontal disease and proper species-targeted treatment to patients especially Sarawakian in general as the result has shed lights to the fairly poor oral status of volunteers.
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Periodontal Diseases , Saliva , MouthABSTRACT
@#Objective To compare the clinical effect of single mediastinal drainage tube and both mediastinal drainage tube and closed thoracic drainage tube for the patients who received thoracoscopic radical resection of esophageal carcinoma. Methods We enrolled 96 esophageal carcinoma patients who received thoracoscopic radical resection from June 2016 to October 2018. Of them, 49 patients were indwelt with both mediastinal drainage tube and closed thoracic drainage tube (a chest & mediastinal drainage group, a CMD group) while the other 47 patients were indwelt with single mediastinal drainage tube (a single mediastinal drainage group, a SMD group). The total drainage volume, intubation time and incidence of postoperative complications (postoperative atelectasis, pulmonary infection, pleural effusion and anastomotic leakage) between the two groups were compared. The pain score and comfort score were also compared between the two groups. Results The total drainage volume and intubation time in the SMD group were not significantly different from those in the CMD group (1 321±421 mL vs. 1 204±545 mL, P=0.541; 6.1±3.7 d vs. 6.4 ±5.1 d, P=0.321). The incidence of postoperative complications (postoperative atelectasis, pulmonary infection, pleural effusion and anastomotic leakage) in the SMD group was not significantly different from that in the CMD group (10.6% vs. 6.1%, P=0.712; 4.3% vs. 10.2%, P=0.656; 6.4% vs. 12.2%, P=0.121; 2.1% vs. 4.1%, P=0.526). The numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores on the first to the fifth day after surgery and during extubation in the SMD group were significantly lower than those in the CMD group (3.2±2.1 vs. 5.1±2.4, P=0.041; 2.8±0.6 vs. 4.8±1.4, P=0.015; 2.1±0.4 vs. 4.5±0.4, P=0.019; 1.7±0.7 vs. 4.0±0.8, P=0.004; 1.8±0.7 vs. 3.2±1.2, P=0.006; 1.4±0.2 vs. 2.5±3.4, P=0.012). The VAS comfort scores in the SMD group were significantly lower than those in the CMD group (3.6±1.7 vs. 6.6±3.7, P=0.018; 2.9±2.0 vs. 5.1±3.4, P=0.007; 2.1±1.4 vs. 5.5±2.4, P=0.004; 3.0±0.9 vs. 4.6±3.8, P=0.012; 1.8±1.1 vs. 4.2±2.7, P=0.003; 2.4±3.2 vs. 5.3±1.7, P=0.020). Conclusion The clinical effect of single mediastinal drainage tube in thoracoscopic resection of esophageal carcinoma is similar to that of both mediastinal drainage tube and closed thoracic drainage tube, but it can significantly improve the comfort of the patients.
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Objective To explore the influence of sodium oxamate on the radiaosensitivity of hypoxic nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE2 cells. Methods The production of lactate and angiotensin Ⅱ in CNE2 with or without sodium oxamate treatment was detected by lactate assay kit and angiotensin Ⅱ ELISA kit. Cell growth of hypoxic CNE2 with or without sodium oxamate treatment was measured in vitro by MTT method. Radiosensitivity of hypoxic CNE2 with or without sodium oxamate treatment was tested by clone formation assay. Results Lactate and angiotensin Ⅱ production of CNE2 cells treated with sodium oxalate was inhibited. Sodium oxalate inhibited the proliferation of hypoxic CNE2 cells. The radiosensitivity of hypoxic CNE2 cells treated with sodium oxalate was largely improved. Conclusions Sodium oxalate inhibits the proliferation of CNE2 cells in hypoxic condition and significantly enhances the radiosensitivity of hypoxic CNE2 cells. The mechanism may be involved in its inhibiting of angiotensinⅡproduction.
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Objective To investigate severe complications of inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) applying for preventing pulmonary embo-lism after spinal cord injury. Methods From December 2014 to July 2015, 95 patients with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in our hospital were retrospected. Results Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) appeared in 23 cases, in which 15 cases placed IVCF. All patients accepted anti-coagulant therapy, except 10 cases with contraindication. 3 cases had severe complication, in which 2 cases had comprehensive DVT distal to IVCF, with both lower limbs severe swelling, acute renal inadequacy and hypertension;1 case had continuous hyperpyrexia. Conclusion Although the IVCF placement was widely used in acute SCI for preventing pulmonary embolism in patients with DVT, however, the selec-tion of IVCF and complication prevention should be taken into account.
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Objective To observe the effect of perioperative rehabilitation on anterior spinal cord syndrome caused by cervical hyper-flexion injury. Methods Sixty-nine inpatients with anterior spinal cord syndrome after cervical hyperflexion injury from January, 2012 to De-cember, 2014 were reviewed. 32 cases (group A) accepted systematic rehabilitations and other 37 cases (group B) did not. They were as-sessed with Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores preoperatively and 1-year follow-up. Results All the patients succeeded in the operation. The JOA score improved more 1 year follow-up in group A than group B (t=2.538, P=0.044). Conclusion Systematic rehabilita-tion may work in the management of anterior spinal cord syndrome after cervical hyperflexion injury.
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Objective To study the effect of calcitonin on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in femoral fracture healing in ovariectomized rats .Methods 80 female rats of 3 months old were randomly divided into four groups :Sham operation group(Sham ,10 cases);Ovariectomized operation group(OVX ,10 cases);Ovariectomy+ fracture+ salinegroup(Control ,30 cases) and Ovariectomy+ fracture +calcitonin group(Experimental ,30 cases) .Rats in Sham group and OVX group were performed ovari-otomy and killed after 4 weeks ,femoral bone mineral density was measured .For rats in Control group and Experimental group ,right middle femoral facture was performed 4 weeks later after ovariectomy .Calcitonin(16 IU/kg)were injected subcutaneously once per 2 days in Experimental group ,while those in Control group were given equal volume of normal saline .Rods in these two groups were killed after 3 ,6 ,9 weeks(10 at a time) ,femoral bone mineral density(BMD)was measured;hematoxylin-eosin staining and im-munohisto-chemical staining were performed at the 3th ,6th and 9th week after fracture ,respectively .Results Compared with Sham group ,rats weight in OVX group gained more(P0 .05)in BMD .At the 6th week after fracture ,bone trabecula in both groups arranged in order ,compared with the control group ,BMD in experimental group increased significantly(P0 .05) .Con-clusion The results suggest that calcitonin treatment could enhance the bone mineral density significantly after fracture ,but it has no impact on the expression of VEGF in osteoporotic fracture healing .
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[Objective]To assess the protective effects of Xianlinggubao on articular cartilage and subchondral bone in experimental osteoarthritis induced by anterior cruciate ligament transaction (ACLT)in rabbits. [Methods]Thirty healthy Japanese white rabbits were divided randomly into three groups:sham group,ACLT+XLGB group and ACLT+ NS group. Rabbits in ACLT+XLGB group and ACLT+NS group received anterior cruciate ligament transection(ACLT)on the right knee. Rabbits in sham group received untreatment as control. ACLT+XLGB group received a daily administration of XLGB at a dose of 125 mg/kg of body weight for 6 weeks.In contrast,ACLT+NS group received saline at the same dose. All rabbits were sacrificed at 6 weeks after operation. The right femora were removed,measured for bone mineral density (BMD),and then were observed for the macro-pathologic changes with HE staining and graded by Mankin's scale. Expression levels of BMP-2 and MMP-13 were detected by immunostaining. The subchondral bone of right tibial plateau was cut and stained for the measurement of bone histomorphometry.[Results](1)The Mankin's score in ACLT+ XLGB group was significantly lower than that in ACLT+ NS group (P